Compressor



Jan. 22 1924. 1,481,358

J. DWYER COMPRESSOR Filed July '7, 1921 Ilg.l.

Evwwtz and useful Improvements in Comp Pa tented Jan. 22, 19 24."

uNrrso STA .rosnrn DWYER, or MONTCLAIR, NEW mass-Y.

' coiamnsson.

To all whom it may concern;

Be it known that I, JOSEPH Dwmn, a citizen of the United States, and residing at Montclair,-in the county of Essex and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new ressors, of which the following is a specification, such as will enable those skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to compressors and particularly to ammonia as compressors, or compressors used in re rigerating apparatus of various kinds and classes. and the object of the invention is to provide a compressor of the class and for the purpose specified of a constant speed type with means for increasing and decreasing the capacity thereof whereby the amount or volume of the ammonia gas discharged therefrom may be regulated; and with this and other objects in view the invention consists in an apparatus of the class speclfied which is simple in construction and operation and efficient in use; and which is constructed and operated as hereinafter described and claimed.

The invention is fully disclosed in the following specification, of which the accompanying drawing forms a part, 1n which the separate parts of my improvement are designated by suitable reference characters in each of the views, and in wh1ch Fig. '1 is a central longitudinal sectional view through my improved compressor;

and

2 a partial section on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1. o

In the drawing I have shown at 5 the cylinder of a compressor made according to my invention, said cylinder being provided with end plates 6 and 7 which are secured to the opposite end portions of the cylinder and adapted to close the said end portions, and the plate 6 is provided with an aperture 8 having a, suitable stuffing box 9 through which a shaft 10 actuated by any suitable means to move a piston 11 secured to said shaft within the cylinder 5'forwardly and backwardly in said cylinders or from one end portion thereof to the other.

The cylinder 5 is provided with oppositely directed end extensions 12 and *13 which together with cover plates 16 and 17 form side chambers 14 and respectively which open outwardly, and said plates are provided ap- Applioation filed July 7, 1921. Serial No. 482,930.

proximately centrallythereof with tubular extensions forming coupling members or heads 18 and 19 with which suitable pipes are adapted to be connected.

In practive, a suitable ammoniagas supply pipe is connected with the coupling head 18 wherebyammonia gas from a suitable refrigerator is passed into the chamber 14, and a discharge pipe is connected with the coupling head 19 whereby ammonia gas under pressure may be discharged from the chamber 15 into a suitable condenser, and said refrigerator and condenser are not shown for the reason that they form no part of this invention and are-well known in the art. The cylinder 5 is provided in the opposite side end portions thereof with ports 20 and 21, and the ports 20 form communications between thechamber 14 and said cylinder. ,While the ports 21 form communications between the chamber 15 and said cylinder, and these ports are controlled by spring-actuated suction and discharge valves 22 and 23 respectively.

Other ports 24 form communications between the chamber 14 and cylinder 5 inwardly of the ports 20 and inwardly of said last named ports are other ports 25 which also form communications between the chamber 145 and cylinder 5, and said last named ports 24 and 25 are controlled by valves 26 and 27 respectively, said valves being provided with stems 28 which pass upwardly through stufiing boxes 29 in the cover plate 16 and the outer end portionsof said stems are provided with hand-pieces or heads 30 by means of which the valves 26 and 27 may be adjusted toward and from the ports 24 and 25, and it will be seen that the stems 28 of said valves are threaded and the cover plate 16 correspondingly threaded to permit of the adjustment of said valves.

In the use of my improved compressor and if bothof the valves 26 and 27 are closed the forward and backward, or reciprocating movement of the piston 11 in the cylinder 5 will cause ammonia gas to be intermittently drawn into the opposite end portions of the chamber 15 and out through the coupling head 19 to a suitable condenser.

The above described construction or operation is common in apparatus of this class, but my invention primarily consists in the provision of the ports 24 and 25 and the valves 26 and 27-for controlling .the

same, whereby the amount of gas discharged from the cylinder 5 may be regulated, and in Fig. 1 of the drawing, I have shown the valves 26 raised so as to open the ports 24,

and in the operation of the piston it will be or when the end portion thereof passes one" of the ports 24 at which time the compression of the gas is started, and the gas so compressed is discharged through the port 21 at said end portion of the cylinder into thechamber 15. It will also be understood that when the piston moves in the opposite direction the same action is produced and the gas is compressed beyond the port 24: in said end portion of the cylinder-and discharged through the port 21 into the cham-, ber 15 at the corresponding end portion of the cylinder. In other words, instead of compressing the full amount of gas in the cylinder, as previously set out only that portion of the gas between the ports 24 and the end walls of the cylinder is compressed.

By closing the valves 26 and opening the valves 27, it will be apparent that the amount of gas compressed and discharged through the ports 21 will be the capacity of the cylinder between the ports 25 and the end portions of the cylinder. It will be apparent that while I have shown two supple-' mental ports and valves in the opposite end portions of the cylinder and spaced along the travel of the piston therein, that I am not necessarily limited to the use of two'of such valves as any desired number thereof may be employed depending upon the com ditions and the requirements in the variation of the amount of the ammonia gas discharged into the condenser.

As above stated when either of the ports 24 or 25 are open by raising the valves 26 and 27 for controlling the same, a portion of the gas drawn or sucked into the end ortions of the cylinder is first forced back into the chamber 14: on the compression stroke or strokes of the piston 11 in said cylinder until said piston passes the open port 2425 therein and it will also be apparent that when the full capacity of the compressor is required both of the ports 24; and 25 will be closed and the ports 20 alone will serve as intake ports, and all of the gas sucked into the 0yl111d8I',- or the end portions thereof,

- and said tubular body,

enses will be compressed and discharged through the ports 21 as is the usual custom. Wh1le I have shown certain details of construction the spirit of my invention or sacrificing its advantages.

Havin fully described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. An ammonia as compressor comprising a tubular cylinder provided on opposite sides with outwardly directed chambers closed by plates, one of said chambers forming the intake and the other the discharge chambers of the compressor, the ends of said cylinder being closed by plates, a piston mounted in said cylinder and the rod of which passes through one of the plates of said cylinder, automatic valves mounted in the end portions of said cylinder and in communication therewith and with said intake and discharge chambers and adapted to control admission of ammonia gas into the opposite end portions of said cylinder and the discharge of gas therefrom, and. other valves spaced longitudinally of the cylinder and projecting outwardly through the closure plate of the intake chamber thereof and adjustable in said plate to control the admission of ammonia gas into said cylinder.

2. In an ammonia gas compressor of the class described, a cylinder structure comprising a tubular body open at the opposite ends, said ends being closed by cover plates, said tubular body being provided on opposite sides with outwardly directed boxshaped extensions closed by removable plates which form in said box-shaped extensions intake and discharge chambers, said removable plates being provided with intake and discharge ports, said tubular body being provided with spring controlled valves at the end portions thereof and adapted to control the communications between the intake and discharge chambers and manually controlled valves adjustably mounted in the removable plate of the intake chamber and adapted to cooperate with intake ports in said tubular body for controlling the admission of ammonia gas thereinto.

Intestimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention have signed my name in presence of the subscribing witnesses this 6th day of July, 1921.

JOSEPH DWYER.

- 'Witnesses:

C. E. MULREANY, H. E. Tnomson. 

